Biến đổi khí hậu có thể xóa bỏ 50% diện tích đất trồng cà phê vào năm 2050

– PROTECT THE ORIGIN –

Coffee is one of the most important commodities in international trade, generating tens of billions in revenue for many of the countries that produce and distribute them. Climate change will negatively impact the coffee land area of these countries. Let’s explore these impacts with 43 Factory Coffee Roaster.

Coffee growing area in the world

Worldwide there are 75 coffee-growing countries and mainly concentrated in the Americas, Africa, Asia. The total area of coffee cultivation is up to 10 million hectares and the average output is 6 million tons / year. In which, the countries with large coffee growing areas are: Brazil accounts for 25% of coffee production in the world, is the country with the largest planting area (about over 3 million hectares). Next in turn is Côte D’Ivoire (Africa), Indonesia and Colombia with about 1 million hectares with an output of about 700,000 tons. Vietnam is also in the top countries in coffee production. The area of coffee land in Vietnam is about 710,000 hectares and has an output of up to 1.9 million tons (accounting for 19% of world production).

However, in recent years, the area under coffee cultivation has been on a serious downward trend, leading to unstable coffee production and market. According to statistics, coffee production in the 2022-2023 season will decrease by about 10-15% compared to 2021-2022. The main reason can be mentioned as the rapid increase in climate change, causing sea level to rise, the area of land suitable for coffee is shrinking.

Climate change affects the area of coffee land

Climate change affects farmland

Climate change is happening on a global scale, strongly affecting the environment and human life. Climate change causes the ice at the poles to melt rapidly, leading to rising sea levels and increasing extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, floods and droughts. This will cause soil salinization, contamination of groundwater and agricultural land

Climate change affects coffee growing area

First of all, the growing conditions of coffee are quite complicated. They require ideal habitats and meticulous care methods throughout development. Therefore, when the climate changes erratically, it will reduce the suitable growing conditions of coffee trees. The research report at the University of Applied Sciences Zurich (Switzerland) emphasizes the importance of suitable soil and living conditions for coffee plants. The study found that coffee-growing regions are likely to plummet as the climate changes. Based on this, we can predict that in the 21st century, the world’s main coffee-producing regions such as Brazil, Vietnam, Indonesia, Colombia will be most affected. And a good example of this is that coffee production in Brazil has dropped by 50% due to unusual frosts and droughts.

Then, when the world is warming, the ice at the 2 ends of the globe melts rapidly, leading to sea level rise, the area of land suitable for coffee decreases even more rapidly. Experts from the Humboldt University (Berlin) and the Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) studied the future situation of coffee soil. The study geographically references tens of thousands of coffee plantations around the world. Then apply many changing models to determine how suitable the status of coffee is to the climate in 2050. The results forecast that “climate change will reduce global coffee land by 50% by 2050.” The main affected areas include Brazil and Vietnam.

Solutions to protect coffee soil

The projections of studies affecting climate change on coffee land are a warning bell for businesses and for the sustainability of the coffee industry. Protecting coffee land requires the cooperation of farmers, farms and authorities. Because this is a global, urgent issue. Farmers should raise their awareness of nature protection, well implement waste treatment procedures before pushing them into the outside environment. Above all, this issue needs practical action from leaders. Some proposed solutions to protect coffee soil are as follows:

• “Move” the coffee growing site to a more appropriate place. Climate change not only reduces the suitable growing conditions of growing areas. When the climate changes, it will affect rainfall, temperature,… As a result, some previously unsuitable lands have also become more suitable. The regions that will see positive changes from the minimum temperature increase of the coldest month are Southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile, the United States, East Africa, South Africa, China, India, New Zealand.
• Besides, adaptation to climate change in major producing countries such as Brazil and Indonesia is also essential. We can gradually adapt to the changing climate by improving and breeding varieties adapted to harsh environments and droughts,….
• In addition to measures to improve tree varieties, industry workers also need to pay attention to measures to protect habitats such as soil, water and forests,… One of them can be mentioned as coffee cultivation method combined with afforestation, reuse of raw materials, investment in wastewater treatment machinery and equipment in coffee production.

It can be seen that coffee land areas in the world will be at risk of losing due to climate change. The coffee industry will face major disadvantages and need to face crises if the current global warming situation does not improve. And it is imperative that people recognize this situation and take measures to protect and restore the sustainability of the coffee industry.