Crema
Crema is a golden brown foam that appears on the surface of an Espresso.
This foam is created during the Espresso brewing process, when hot water under high pressure is forced through the coffee grounds. This process creates a complex mixture of coffee oils, organic compounds, and carbon dioxide gas released from the coffee beans. It is also an important part of a complete Espresso, providing not only flavor and aroma but also an aesthetic experience and an indication of the quality of the coffee.
The color of crema ranges from light to dark golden-brown, with a smooth and elastic texture, contributing to the mild bitterness and distinctive aroma. It is considered a sign of a well-extracted Espresso made from fresh, high-quality coffee. The quality of crema depends on factors such as the freshness of the coffee, grind size, extraction pressure and temperature, as well as the type of coffee.